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Most nation-states have anthems, defined as 'a song, as of praise, devotion, or patriotism';^[1] most anthems are either marches or hymns in style. A hymn can become a national anthem by a provision in the state's constitution, by a law enacted by its legislature, or simply by tradition.^[2] A royal anthem is a patriotic song similar to a national anthem, but it specifically praises or prays for a monarch or royal dynasty. Such anthems are usually performed at public appearances by the monarch or during other events of royal importance.^[3] Some states use the royal anthem as the national anthem, such as the anthem of Jordan.

There are multiple claimants to the position of oldest national anthem.^[4] Among the national anthems, the first to be composed was the Dutch national anthem the 'Wilhelmus', which was written between 1568 and 1572.^[5] The Japanese anthem, 'Kimigayo', employs the oldest lyrics of any national anthem, taking its words from the 'Kokin Wakashū', which was first published in 905, yet these words were not set to music until 1880.^[6] The first anthem to be officially adopted as such was the Spanish anthem 'Marcha Real', in 1770; its origins remain unclear, being suggested to have sixteenth century Venetian origins, or even to have been composed by king Frederick the Great himself; it is also one of the few national anthems that has never had official lyrics.^[7] Anthems became increasingly popular among European states in the 18th century.^[8] For example, the British national anthem 'God Save the Queen' was first performed under the title 'God Save the King' in 1745.^[9] The French anthem 'La Marseillaise' was written half a century later in 1792, and adopted in 1795.^[10]

National anthems are usually written in the most common language of the state, whether de facto or official. States with multiple national languages may offer several versions of their anthem. For instance, Switzerland's national anthem has different lyrics for each of the country's four official languages: French, German, Italian, and Romansh.^[11] One of New Zealand's two national anthems is commonly sung with the first verse in Māori ('Aotearoa') and the second in English ('God Defend New Zealand'). The tune is the same but the lyrics have different meanings. South Africa's national anthem is unique in that it is two different songs put together with five of the country's eleven official languages being used, in which each language comprises a stanza.^[12]

17 September 2018. Retrieved 18 September 2018. 2018 tamil movies download. From the original on 18 September 2018.

National anthems of UN member states and observer states[edit]

Only United Nations member states and observer states are included in this table.^[13][14] National anthems of sovereign states which are not UN members or observers are listed in a separate table below. An English translation of the title is provided in parentheses where appropriate.

Anthems of other states and territories[edit]

This table includes anthems of de facto Skid row downloads. sovereign states which are not members or observers of the United Nations. Many of them have received little or no recognition from the international community; some are widely considered to be part of one of the countries listed above.

See also[edit]

Notes[edit]

1. ^ ^abcdefghij'God Save the Queen' is the royal anthem of Antigua and Barbuda, Australia, the Bahamas, Canada, Jamaica, Papua New Guinea, Saint Kitts and Nevis, the Solomon Islands, and Tuvalu, and one of New Zealand's two national anthems.
2. ^'My Belarusy' was originally adopted by the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic.
3. ^'Lijepa naša domovino' was originally adopted by the Socialist Republic of Croatia.
4. ^ ^ab'Hymn to Liberty' is the national anthem of both Cyprus and Greece.
5. ^By the power of the Constitution of Cyprus, the Turkish national anthem 'İstiklâl Marşı' was used when a Turkish Cypriot representative was present. The practice lasted up to 1963.
6. ^ ^abOriginally adopted by Czechoslovakia as a part of its hymn in 1918 (together with Slovak 'Nad Tatrou sa blýska'), and latter in 1993 by the Czech Republic (already without the Slovak part).
7. ^'Kong Christian stod ved højen mast' ('King Christian stood by the lofty mast') has equal standing in Denmark.
8. ^ ^abcdeThis refers to 'God Defend New Zealand', not 'God Save the Queen'.
9. ^Until the early 20th century, 'Sønner av Norge' was the most recognised national anthem of Norway. Also 'Norges Skaal' and 'Mitt lille land' have at times been described as national anthems. Norway's royal anthem is 'Kongesangen'.
10. ^The song was first performed in 1864, but only gradually came to replace the older national anthem 'Sønner av Norge' as de facto national anthem
11. ^Also known by its incipit: 'Jeszcze Polska nie zginęła, kiedy my żyjemy' ('Poland Is Not Yet Lost, So long as we still live').
12. ^'Zdravljica' was originally adopted by the Socialist Republic of Slovenia. Only the seventh stanza of the song is used as the national anthem.
13. ^The 'National Anthem of South Africa' is a hybrid of 'Nkosi Sikelel' iAfrika' ('God Bless Africa') and 'Die Stem van Suid-Afrika'
    ('The Call of South Africa').
14. ^Sweden's royal anthem is 'Kungssången'.
15. ^Thailand's royal anthem is 'Phleng Sansoen Phra Barami'.
16. ^'National Banner Song' is used as the alternate state anthem for Taiwan at international sporting events such as the Olympic Games and World Baseball Classic.
17. ^The official state name of Taiwan is the 'Republic of China'.

1. ^Also known as 'Einigkeit und Recht und Freiheit' ('Unity and justice and freedom'); only the third stanza of the song is the official national anthem.

Watch pinoy tv online gma 7. General

• Bristow, Michael Jamieson (2006-10-28). National Anthems of the World. Cassell. ISBN0-304-36826-1.
• Hang, Xing (2003-09-28). Encyclopedia of National Anthems. The Scarecrow Press. ISBN0-8108-4847-3.
• Leonard, Hal (1996-01-01). National Anthems from Around the World. Hal Leonard Corporation. ISBN0-7935-6079-9.
• 'National Anthems of the World'. National Anthems of the World. Flagdom. Retrieved 28 March 2012.

Specific

1. ^'Anthem'. Reference.com. Lexico Publishing Group. Retrieved 2008-06-26.
2. ^'National anthem'. Encyclopædia Britannica. 2008.
3. ^'Royal anthem 'God Save The Queen''. Department of Canadian Heritage. Archived from the original on 2008-08-08. Retrieved 2008-04-17.
4. ^'What are the world's oldest national anthems?'. NationalAnthems.me. Archived from the original on 2011-12-22. Retrieved 2011-08-14.
5. ^'The Dutch Royal House'. Dutch Royal House. Archived from the original on 2008-02-10. Retrieved 2008-04-17.
6. ^Japan Policy Research Institute JPRI Working Paper No. 79. Published July 2001. Retrieved July 7, 2007
7. ^'Lost for words'. The Economist. 2007-07-26. Retrieved 2008-04-17.
8. ^''Bird's Nest' Ballads: Olympic National Anthems'. NPR. 2008-08-07. Retrieved 2008-10-02.
9. ^'God Save the King'. 15. The Gentleman's Magazine. October 1745: 552.
10. ^'La Marseillaise'. Fordham University. Retrieved 2008-04-17.
11. ^'Facts and figures'. Government of Switzerland. Archived from the original on 2008-06-11. Retrieved 2008-04-17.
12. ^Ash, Timothy Garton (2008-01-17). 'There are great national anthems – now we need an international one'. 'The Guardian'. Retrieved 2008-04-17.
13. ^'List of Member States'. United Nations. Retrieved 2015-07-18.
14. ^'List of Observer States'. United Nations. Archived from the original on 2009-05-09. Retrieved 2015-07-18.
15. ^'National Anthems of the World' (7th edn), pp. 12–13.
16. ^'National Anthems of the World' (7th edn), pp. 14–17.
17. ^'National Anthems of the World' (7th edn), pp. 18–21.
18. ^'Bosnia Anthem Gets Lyrics After 10 Years', Bosnia Insight, February 23, 2009.
19. ^Udenrigsministeriet (6 August 2001). 'Instruks for Udenrigstjenesten'. Retsinformation. Retrieved 30 June 2013.
20. ^'Elementary schools face new mandate: Patriotism, 'Kimigayo''. The Japan Times Online. Kyodo News. 2008-03-29. Retrieved 2011-08-20.
21. ^'Archived copy' 国旗及び国歌に関する法律 (法律第百二十七号） (in Japanese). Government of Japan. 1999-08-13. Archived from the original on 2010-05-21. Retrieved 2011-08-20.CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link)
22. ^'Datenbank-europa.de'. Archived from the original on 2012-07-02. Retrieved 2009-10-15.
23. ^Christine Zuchora-Walske (2008). Nepal in Pictures. Twenty-First Century Books. p. 69. ISBN0-8225-8578-2. Retrieved 2011-07-23.
24. ^'Nepali Cabinet Approves New National Anthem'. People's Daily. 2007-04-20. Retrieved 2011-07-23.
25. ^ ^abMartell, Peter (2011-01-11). 'A Song for South Sudan: Writing a New National Anthem'. BBC News. Retrieved 10 July 2011.
26. ^ ^abc'Kosovo Approves Anthem with No Lyrics'. Balkan Insight. 2008-06-11. Archived from the original on 2008-06-12. Retrieved 2008-06-11. Most of the parliamentary groups said they listened to all three shortlisted proposals but opted for the composition called ‘Europe’ by Mehdi Mengjiqi, which has no lyrics as it would respect the multi-ethnic nature of Kosovo.

External links[edit]